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Aperture

The opening in a lens through which light passes to enter the camera.

Shutter Speed

The length of time the camera's shutter is open to expose light onto the sensor.

ISO

The sensitivity of the camera's sensor to light.

Depth of Field

The distance between the nearest and the furthest objects in a photo that appear acceptably sharp.

Exposure

The amount of light per unit area reaching the sensor, determined by aperture, shutter speed, and ISO.

White Balance

The process of removing unrealistic color casts, so that objects which appear white in person are rendered white in the photo.

Focal Length

The distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus, usually stated in millimeters (mm).

Composition

The arrangement of elements within a photograph.

Rule of Thirds

A compositional guideline that positions the subject off-center to create balance.

Bokeh

The aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of an image.

HDR

High Dynamic Range imaging, a technique to capture greater detail in both dark and light areas of a scene.

RAW

A file format that captures all image data recorded by the camera sensor, allowing for more control in post-processing.

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